2026 FIFA 世界盃必備的 50 個足球詞彙與片語

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2026 FIFA 世界盃來了——48 支球隊、104 場比賽，以及海量的英語轉播。（先說明一下：這裡講的是 soccer——也就是世上大多數地方所稱的 football——而不是美式足球。）無論你是在看精華片段、讀比賽報導，還是聊昨晚的賽事，這 50 個術語都能幫你聽懂場上發生什麼事，並加入對話。你可以在英國透過 BBC/ITV、在美國透過 Fox Sports 收看英語轉播，或在 FIFA+ 上串流觀賞。

🏟️ 賽事結構

Group stage — 賽事的第一階段。48 支球隊分成 12 組，每組四隊；每隊與其他三隊各踢一場。

“Brazil should have no trouble getting out of their group stage.”

Knockout stage — 分組賽之後的淘汰階段。輸一場就出局。

“The knockout stage is where the real pressure begins.”

Extra time — 淘汰賽在 90 分鐘後仍平手時所進行的兩節各 15 分鐘延長賽。

“The match went to extra time after a 1–1 draw.”

Penalty shootout — 每隊各踢五球的 PK 決勝。若仍平手，就進入驟死賽。

“The quarterfinal was decided by a penalty shootout — the goalkeeper saved two.”

⚽ 球場上

一顆足球放置在體育場燈光下的草地球場上

Pitch — 比賽場地。美式英語稱之為 field。

“The players are walking onto the pitch.”

Penalty area（the box）— 每個球門前方的矩形區域。在此犯規會判罰十二碼球。常被稱作 “the box” 或 “the 18-yard box”。

“He was brought down just inside the penalty area — that’s a penalty.”

Kit — 球隊的制服：球衣、短褲和球襪。

“England’s away kit this year is dark blue.”

Clean sheet — 球隊沒有失掉任何一球。美式對應的說法是 shutout。

“The goalkeeper has kept three clean sheets in the group stage.”

Nil — 比分中的零。你永遠不會聽到英國解說員說「two-zero」。

“Germany won three–nil.”

⏱️ 重新開球與時間

Corner kick — 當防守方最後觸球，使球越過自家球門線出界時所判給的球。進攻方從角旗區開球。

“They won a corner kick in the 89th minute — last chance.”

Goal kick — 當進攻方把球踢越球門線出界時，判給防守方的球。通常由守門員在六碼區（penalty area 內標示的較小矩形）內開出。

“The keeper launched a long goal kick toward the striker.”

Throw-in — 當球越過邊線（touchline，即側邊的界線，美式英語稱 sideline）出界後，比賽重新開始的方式。非最後觸球的球隊以雙手將球舉過頭頂擲回場內。

“A quick throw-in caught the defense off guard.”

Handball — 球員（自家禁區內的守門員除外）刻意以手或手臂觸球。會判自由球或十二碼球。

“VAR is checking for a possible handball in the box.”

Stoppage time — 每半場結束時額外增加的幾分鐘，用來補償受傷與換人所損失的時間。

“Five minutes of stoppage time — can they find a winner?”

👥 球員與位置

Goalkeeper（keeper）— 守護球門的球員，也是唯一被允許用手觸球的人，但僅限於禁區內。

“The keeper made an incredible one-handed save.”

Centre-back — 中後衛，主要任務是阻止對手進球。

“Their centre-back is 6’4” — he wins every header.”

Winger — 在邊路、靠近邊線活動的進攻球員。

“The winger beat his defender and whipped in a cross.”

Striker — 主要的進球者，位置最靠近對手的球門。

“They need a striker who can finish — they created chances but couldn’t convert.”

Substitute（sub）— 比賽中替補上場換下他人的球員。

“He came on as a substitute in the 67th minute and scored the winner.”

🎯 進球與進攻

Hat-trick — 一名球員在單場比賽中攻進三球。

“That’s the first hat-trick of the tournament!”

Assist — 直接助攻隊友進球的最後一記傳球。

“He has three goals and two assists in four matches.”

Counter-attack — 搶下球權後立即發動的快速反擊。

“They’re dangerous on the counter-attack — three passes and they’re in the box.”

Cross — 從球場側邊傳向禁區的傳球。

“The winger sent in a low cross and the striker tapped it in.”

Through ball — 穿過防守球員之間、傳向空檔讓隊友上前接應的傳球。

“A perfect through ball split the defense — one touch and it was in.”

🛡️ 防守與戰術

Park the bus — 極度防守的策略，球隊幾乎全員退守球後，以保住領先或守住平局。

“They parked the bus for the last 20 minutes — it wasn’t pretty, but it worked.”

Offside — 當球傳給進攻球員時，該球員位置比最後一名防守球員更靠近對方球門。是足球中最具爭議的規則之一。

“The goal was disallowed — the striker was clearly offside.”

High press — 在球場前場積極逼搶，試圖在對手球門附近搶下球權。

“Their high press forced the defender into a mistake.”

Gegenpressing — 德語術語，指失去球權後立即逼搶。如今已通行於全世界的英語轉播。

“Klopp’s teams are known for gegenpressing — you have three seconds to win it back.”

Man marking — 指派一名防守球員緊盯某位特定對手，無論對方跑到哪裡。

“They put two defenders on him in man marking — he barely touched the ball.”

🟨 裁判判決

Foul — 踢人、推人或絆倒對手等違規動作。

“The referee blew for a foul just outside the box.”

Free kick — 犯規後所判的球。對手可從犯規發生的位置重新開球。

“This free kick is in a dangerous position — about 25 yards out.”

Penalty kick — 從 12 碼處直接射門，在禁區內犯規時判罰。

“VAR confirmed it — penalty kick to France.”

Yellow card — 裁判的正式警告。單場比賽累積兩張黃牌即等於紅牌，會被驅逐出場。

“He got a yellow card for that tackle — he’ll need to be careful now.”

Red card — 球員被罰下場，球隊在剩餘比賽中以 10 人應戰。

“A straight red card for violent conduct — his tournament is over.”

VAR — Video Assistant Referee（影像輔助裁判）。由觀看重播的裁判人員審查進球、十二碼球、紅牌與球員身分誤判。

“The referee is checking with VAR… the goal stands!”

🔥 球迷俚語與表達

擠滿體育場觀看足球比賽的觀眾

Squeaky bum time — 比賽最後幾分鐘緊張、忐忑的時刻，一切仍懸而未決。由傳奇曼聯主帥 Alex Ferguson 爵士所創，如今已收錄於《牛津英語詞典》。

“One goal lead, five minutes left — it’s squeaky bum time.”

Nutmeg — 把球從對手雙腿之間踢過。

“He nutmegged the defender and ran past him — the crowd loved it.”

Panenka — 一種大膽的罰球方式，在守門員撲向一側時輕輕將球吊向中路。以 Antonín Panenka 命名，他在 1976 年歐洲國家盃決賽中使出這招。

“A Panenka in a World Cup semifinal? That takes incredible confidence.”

Underdog — 被看衰、預期會輸的球隊。

“Everyone loves an underdog story at the World Cup.”

Bottle job — 球隊或球員在壓力下崩盤。

“They were 3–0 up at halftime and lost 4–3 — the biggest bottle job we’ve seen in years.”

🌍 英語轉播中的全球足球詞彙

足球本質上就是多語言的——有些術語就是難以翻譯，因此被直接借用到英語轉播中。如果你喜歡這類語言趣聞，我們的16 個令人驚訝的語言冷知識值得一看。以下是世界盃期間你最常聽到的幾個。

術語	語言	含義	例句
Tiki-taka	西班牙語	短傳、重視控球的風格	“Spain’s tiki-taka wore the opposition down.”
Catenaccio	義大利語	極度防守的體系（字面意為「門閂」）	“They switched to catenaccio to protect the lead.”
Joga bonito	葡萄牙語	「踢得漂亮」——富有表現力、技巧華麗的足球	“Brazil brought joga bonito back to the World Cup.”
Remontada	西班牙語	從落後局面戲劇性逆轉	“They need a remontada — 2–0 down with 20 minutes to go.”
Golazo	西班牙語	精彩絕倫的進球	“Golazo! That’s one of the best strikes of the tournament.”

如何聊比賽

以下是你在聊世界盃時實際會用到的說法。

“Who are you rooting for?”

“I’m rooting for Morocco — they made the semis last time.”

“Did you catch the game?”

“Did you catch the Germany game last night? What a match.”

“They got knocked out.”

“Canada got knocked out in the Round of 32 — tough draw.”

“What a goal!”

“Did you see that free kick? What a goal!”

“I think they’ll go far.”

“This Portugal team looks strong — I think they’ll go far.”

想要更多輕鬆的英語嗎？看看現在大家都在用的 30 個俚語。

快速對照表

想要…	關鍵術語
掌握賽程	group stage, knockout stage, extra time, penalty shootout
看懂球場	pitch, penalty area (box), kit, clean sheet, nil
跟上重新開球與時間	corner kick, goal kick, throw-in, handball, stoppage time
認識上場球員	goalkeeper, centre-back, winger, striker, substitute
聊進球	hat-trick, assist, counter-attack, cross, through ball
討論戰術	park the bus, offside, high press, gegenpressing, man marking
聽懂裁判判決	foul, free kick, penalty kick, yellow card, red card, VAR
像球迷一樣說話	squeaky bum time, nutmeg, panenka, underdog, bottle job
使用全球足球詞彙	tiki-taka, catenaccio, joga bonito, remontada, golazo